High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a major global health concern. The World Health Organization reports that over 1 billion people worldwide live with hypertension, many without knowing it.

If left untreated, high blood pressure increases the risk of:

• Heart disease

• Stroke

• Kidney damage

• Vision problems

What Is Blood Pressure?

Blood pressure measures the force of blood pushing against the walls of arteries.

It is recorded as two numbers:

• Systolic pressure (pressure during heartbeats)

• Diastolic pressure (pressure between beats)

According to medical guidelines, blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg is generally considered high.

Risk Factors

Several factors increase the risk of hypertension:

• Excess salt intake

• Obesity

• Physical inactivity

• Smoking

• Stress

• Family history

Managing High Blood Pressure

Lifestyle changes are a key part of treatment.

Recommended steps include:

1. Reduce salt intake
Limiting salt to less than 5 grams per day can help control blood pressure.

2. Exercise regularly
At least 150 minutes of moderate activity per week is recommended.

3. Maintain a healthy weight
Weight reduction can significantly lower blood pressure levels.

4. Follow prescribed medications
Patients should take medications exactly as prescribed by their doctor.

The Role of Pharmacists

Pharmacists can support patients by:

• Providing blood pressure monitoring

• Explaining medication use

• Advising on lifestyle changes

• Helping identify potential medication interactions

Regular monitoring and professional guidance are essential for long-term blood pressure control.